Organisational leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Organisational leadership - Essay Example This paper will discuss the different responsibilities of CEO’s and will seek to establish whether the CEO is influential in rallying organizational culture. The chief executive officer is the overall leader in an organization, and he is required to report to the board of governors. The CEO acts according to the will of the board of governors, and he implements their decisions and strategies. Since the CEO cannot manage the organization on a solo basis, he/she appoints other managers to whom he/she delegates roles and responsibilities (Hajdini, 2010, p. 39). The number and roles of subsequent managers depend on the organizational structure. The CEO is required to understand the goals of the organization and come up with ways of achieving the set goals. The CEO takes actions in place of the board of governors and he/she represents them in the daily operation of the business. The CEO is required to implement the decisions made by the board (Gitlow, 2004, p.87). He/she governs the organization on behalf of the board and therefore all decisions and strategies must be in line with what the board has decided. The CEO is entrusted with the responsibility of creating philosophies in the organization (Hajdini, 2010, p. 22). The philosophies created should be mission oriented and should favor the employees and the management. Most CEO’s have better academic qualification that members of the board and are the responsibility of designing strategies to accomplish the organizational goals. The CEO is the liaison between the board and the employees and therefore he/she ensures that the two groups linkup well. He/she acts as the link tool through communication between the two groups. The CEO understands the organization better than the board and hence is trusted on advising and informing them. The CEO oversees all the departments and liaises with the department heads to ensure that each

Crash Human Nature Essay Example for Free

Crash Human Nature Essay * Human nature is The general psychological characteristics, feelings, and behavioural traits of humankind, regarded as shared by all humans. * Crash directed by Paul Haggis presents to us an intertwining story set within the streets of LA, confirming and challenging racial stereotypes and at the same time reflecting the ever existing good and dark side of human nature. * Human nature drives us all to view â€Å"the other† as bad, evil and untrustworthy, it is complex and every man, despite differences holds the underlying values buried deep into our subconsciousness * In the film crash, Haggis has successfully portrayed the truth about human nature through the conventions of dialogue, camera shot and symbolism, confusing us as viewers, but also giving us an intruging insight into the reality of each and every one of us despite differences in race and background. * Haggis has successfully evoked feelings of uneasiness, confusion, anger and empathy at through the making of the film crash. * Human nature drives us to fear the unknown, the â€Å"other† in our eyes is seen as evil and that we should steer away from any communication. It may be in relation to race, ethnicity, age, gender or beliefs but in reality each one of us does not have the ability to fight this automatic discrimination against those who are different. * Haggis has successfully reflected this dark aspect of human nature through the convention of dialogue. * In one scene a Persian man is attempting to purchase a gun from a white American. The salesman calls the man â€Å"osama† and then continues to talk about 9/11, he then is aggressively told to leave the shop. * The white American man displays his fear of â€Å"the other† by racially discriminating him through his dialogue, he has his own racist, stereotypical image of this man in his mind automatically relating him to 9/11 and due to his human nature sees him as â€Å"the other† and as untrustworthy to be in his shop telling him he â€Å"has no right to buy a gun here† * In another scene a Hispanic locksmith is changing a white American couples locks on their door after their car had been hijacked. The American woman makes assumptions that this locksmith is going to sell their key to his â€Å"homies† purely because of the way he looks and his race and demands to get her locks changed again in the morning. * The American woman views the locksmith as â€Å"the other† and due to her human nature she fears him, and does not trust him to be in her house. Her judgement is not on personality or individual traits it is based upon the automatic assumptions she makes about him due to his tattoos, dress sense and skin colour. Little does she know that the Hispanic locksmith was in many eyes the only character in crash seen as completely innocent, but due to her ignorance she believed the opposite. * Through dialogue Haggis has successfully positioned the viewer to feel anger at both of these scenarios and causes us to question our own human nature and our own classification of â€Å"the other†. We are positioned to feel guilt as we feel partly responsible for these racial stereotypes as we too, through our human nature, instinctively stick to our own. * Human nature is complex, values at polar opposites could exsist in the same man, particular beliefs could be compromised and in reality no one can ever truly understand the extent of complexities embedded within each person. * Racsim and nobility can exsist in the same man. Haggis has successfully portrayed this idea of human nature through the narrative conventions of camera shot and dialogue. * In one scene a cop pulls over a black couple, he abuses his power and shows extreme racism seen through the convention of low camera angle while he molests her. * In another scene the same cop shows nobility while is seen rescuing the same black woman he molested, he ironically says things to her such as â€Å"im not going to hurt you† * The camera angle in the first scene is a panning low angle displaying the police officers hand stroking up the womans leg, emphasizing his sickening racist actions. In the second scene the camera angle is a close camera angle focusing on his remorseful worrying facial expression. The shot of the hand in the first scene could represent â€Å"a mans hand† where the shot of his face in the second scene presents him, and therefore suggests that although his racism and dark side of his human nature exsists the good side of his human nature is a representation of his true identity and we begin to question the reasons behind his actions. * These two scenes In the movie crash display to us that humans are extremely complex. A man can live a life full of sin but then commit a noble act just as a man can be a criminal but then save a life. * The concept of human complexities is hard to grasp, an individuals identity can determine why they act a certain way or do certain things. The cop in the film displayed racism due to the fact that a black woman would not help his sick father, but does this excuse particular values and behaviours? * Through the convention of camera angle Haggis has effectively positioned the viewer to feel both disgust and awe at the same man. We begin to question what drives humans to be so complex and we wonder whether it is ever possible for a man to be seen as completely innocent. * Instinctively human natures drives us to protect and stick to our own, just as we repel those who are seen as different. * This universal value embedded inside each and every human is represented by Paul Haggis in the film crash through utlising the narrative convention of symbolism. * Crash follows the story of a Hispanic locksmith and unconditional love of his.

Pudd?nhead Wilson Essay -- essays research papers

A Character Analysis of Tom Driscoll   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In Pudd’nhead Wilson by Mark Twain, the story of two boys, who were switched at early childhood, is told. One of these boys, Tom Driscoll, displays many characteristics in the novel. Tom shows how he is rude and a liar, but he also exhibits his ability to change his ways.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From his childhood to his later years, it was evident that Tom Driscoll was a rude character. For example, during his childhood, Tom and Chambers (the boy with whom Tom was switched with and who was also Tom’s slave) always went an â€Å"played† together. On such instance was when they went swimming with Tom’s friends and were diving off of canoes. Chambers was an excellent diver, however, Tom could not dive for it gave him splitting headaches. And for this reason (Chambers could do something that Tom could not do), Tom pushed the canoe under Chambers as he was in a mid-air dive. The result was that Chambers was unconscious and Tom’s spirit was gratified. Later on, when they were about fifteen, the boys were swimming in the river as usual, Tom fell ill to a cramp in the water and Chambers saved his life. Instead of being grateful to Chambers and thanking him, Tom said that â€Å"anybody but a blockheaded nigger would have known he was funning and left him [Tom] alone† (23). Furthermore, after Tom had gone to college (Yale) and returned back to Dawson’s Landing, he still carried this trait. This was evident when he was h...

Teachers Attitudes Towards Interactive Whiteboards Teaching Tool Education Essay

Current UK governmental policy enterprises, such as Harnessing Technology: Transforming Learning and Children ‘s Servicess recommend that instructors increase their usage of engineering to better pupil academic growing ( Department for Education and Skills, 2005 ; Loveless, 2010 ; P. Smith, Rudd, & A ; Coghlan, 2008 ) . This has lead to increasing synergistic whiteboard ( IWB ) usage in UK primary and secondary schools ( Becta, 2008 ; Department for Education and Skills, 2005 ; Madden, Prupis, Sangiovanni, & A ; Stanek, 2009, p. 15 ; H. J. Smith, Higgins, Wall, & A ; Miller, 2005, p. 91 ) . Using an IWB enriches a schoolroom with images, sound, pre-prepared lessons, and entree to the Internet in multiple modes ( G. Beauchamp & A ; Parkinson, 2005, p. 97 ; Lewin, Somekh, & A ; Steadman, 2008, p. 292 ) . What makes the synergistic whiteboard so potentially utile is that instructors can utilize this engineering from a learning place in the schoolroom instead than sitting at a computing machine ( S. Kennewell, Tanner, Jones, & A ; Beauchamp, 2008, p. 64 ) . IWB ‘s are thought to better pupil motive, engagement, coaction, deepness of acquisition, every bit good as addition pupil-teacher interaction ( G. Beauchamp & A ; Parkinson, 2005, p. 97 ; Gillen, Staarman, Littleton, Mercer, & A ; Twiner, 2007, p. 11 ; S. Kennewell, et al. , 2008, p. 64 ) .Literature ReviewOne manner to believe about engineering in general and synergistic whiteboards specifically is to see the IWB a tool for people to utilize ( Gillen, et al. , 2007, p. 12 ; Lewin, et al. , 2008, p. 293 ; G. Beauc hamp & A ; Parkinson, 2005, p. 101 ; Jonassen, 2006 ; S Kennewell, 2001 p107 ; S. Kennewell, et al. , 2008, p. 65 ; Lewin, et al. , 2008, p. 295 ; Loveless, 2010, p. 9 ; Zevenbergen & A ; Lerman, 2008, p. 124 ) . Harmonizing to research, teacher attitude toward technological tools is the most of import factor in the successful execution of engineering in the school system ( Efe, 2011, p. 229 ; Teo, Wong, & A ; Chai, 2008, p. 128 ; Watson, 2001, p. 259 ) . Research workers have been analyzing this issue from a theory known as the Technology Acceptance Model ( Pynoo et al. , 2010, p. 569 ; Teo, et al. , 2008, p. 129 ) . Basically this theory suggests that people accept engineering based upon the sensed utility and perceived easiness of usage. Most surveies have found that the more utile a individual believes the engineering is ( sensed utility ) , the more likely a individual will try to utilize it ( Pynoo, et al. , 2010, p. 569 ; Teo, et al. , 2008, p. 129 ) . Versatility, shorter readying clip, ability to salvage lessons, better schoolroom direction with improved pupil behavior, improved lesson pacing, more multisensory lessons with multimedia, expanded interactivity throughout lessons, the possible to make more pupils with increased pupil success are all facets of sensed utility ( G. Beauchamp & A ; Parkinson, 2005p. 312 ; Gillen, et al. , 2007, p. 12 ; Gray, Hagger-Vaughan, Pilkington, & A ; Tomkins, 2005, p. 38 ; S. Kennewell, et al. , 2008, p. 62 ; Moss et al. , 2007, p. 6 ; Slay, SiebE† rger, & A ; Hodgkinson-Williams, 2008, p. 1335 ; H. J. Smith, et al. , 2005, p. 92 ; Teo, et al. , 2008, p. 267 ; Wood & A ; Ashfield, 2008, p. 84 ; Zevenbergen & A ; Lerman, 2008, p. 110 ) . Perceived easiness of usage is defined as a instructor ‘s expectancy of troubles connected with utilizing the engineering ( Pynoo, et al. , 2010, p. 569 ; Teo, et al. , 2008, p. 129 ) . Learning and implementing the usage of IWBs takes considerable attempt ( Borghans & A ; Weel, 2006, p. 1 ; Lewin, et al. , 2008, p. 239 ; Miller, Glover, & A ; Averis, 2009, p. 3 ; H. J. Smith, et al. , 2005, p. 98 ) . It is complicated to incorporate this tool into their personal teaching method and lesson planning ( Moss, et al. , 2007, p. 4 ; Slay, et al. , 2008, p. 1332 ) . This requires a important investing of clip non available to most instructors ( Efe, 2011, p. 229 ; Watson, 2001, p. 260 ) . Teachers need unrestricted entree to IWB ‘s in order to get the hang the engineering and go comfy with its usage ( Gray, et al. , 2005, p. 38 ) . Some schools do non hold adequate engineering for this to go on ( Efe, 2011, p. 229 ; Madden, et al. , 2009, p. 25 ; Watson, 2001, p. 257 ; Zevenber gen & A ; Lerman, 2008, p. 110 ) . Synergistic Whiteboards have important possible to alter the manner instructors teach at a really basic degree ( Gray, et al. , 2005, p. 43 ; Higgins, Beauchamp, & A ; Miller, 2007, p. 221 ; Watson, 2001, p. 252 ) . Teachers have the ability to see the full scope of potencies offered by the IWB or they can use this new resource harmonizing to their criterion and usual mode of instruction ( Bateson, 1972 ; G. Beauchamp & A ; Parkinson, 2005, p. 306 ; Gillen, et al. , 2007, p. 12 ; S. Kennewell, et al. , 2008, p. 71 ; Knight, Pennant, & A ; Piggott, 2004, p. 4 ; Miller, et al. , 2009, p. 4 ; Teo, et al. , 2008, p. 265 ; Watzlawick, Weakland, & A ; Fisch, 1974 ; Wood & A ; Ashfield, 2008, p. 86 ; Zevenbergen & A ; Lerman, 2008, p. 109 ) . This can be a considered both an indicant of usefulness and/or a trouble connected to IWBs ( Lewin, et al. , 2008, p. 295 ) . Teacher ‘s beliefs sing teaching method will find their position on this issue ( Gary Beauchamp & A ; Kennewell, 2008, p . 306 ; S. Kennewell, et al. , 2008, p. 65 ; Zevenbergen & A ; Lerman, 2008, p. 124 ) .MethodologyThis research was basic qualitative research that was trying to measure instructor ‘s feelings and attitudes toward the use of Synergistic Whiteboards. Questions were developed harmonizing to the above literature and these constructs. Forty secondary school instructors were asked to make full in respond to a 10 inquiry multiple-choice questionnaire. This questionnaire is attached in Appendix 1. Out of those who answered, five instructors were selected for farther interview. The extra interview inquiries can be found in Appendix 2. A chart of the replies and their dislocation are listed in Appendix 3. This research was conducted with an consciousness of the duty to teacher-respondents harmonizing to the values described in the British Revised Ethical Guidelines for Educational Research Data ( 2004 ) . Questionnaires were distributed and interviews conducted without favoritism against anyone for any ground, demoing regard for single differences. Teachers who participated understood that their engagement was wholly voluntary. They were informed of the nature of this research and the grounds for it. Complete privateness and confidentiality of their engagement and their responses was assured. No personal information was collected. All questionnaires were returned without names or any identifying features. Questionnaires were kept in a unafraid cabinet with no entree except for this research worker. Those involved in this research were non antecedently known by this research worker, nor were there any double relationships with them other than research worker and participant. No misrepr esentation was involved in any facet of this research. Participants were assured that they could reply the inquiries in the questionnaire in full, in portion, or non at all. They could alter their heads about take parting at any clip with no reverberations. No vulnerable people were included in this undertaking. No inducements were offered or given to convert people to take part. Participants were advised that they could talk to this research worker sing their reactions to the inquiries involved if they so desired. This research was conducted in a nonbiased format in order to get at honest consequences. There was no effort to pull strings, turn out or confute an docket. Data was collected, collated and analysed harmonizing to frequence of each response. Because some replies were given in both the interview and questionnaires, the figure of replies to different inquiry varies slightly. As basic research, this type of analysis provides farther waies for extra research.FindingssTeachers who believe that engineering will be utile to them are more likely to do the effort to utilize IWBs. In this research, instructors assert that the primary ground they use an IWB is that it offers a assortment of uses and makes their lessons less nerve-racking as represented in the diagram to the right. For some, the newness of this technique makes their undertaking more interesting. The grounds instructors give for trying to use IWBs include it ‘s assortment of educational utilizations ( 32 % of the instructors ) , decrease of emphasis ( 25 % of the instructors ) , a new attack to learning ( 22 % of the instructors ) , to develop their ICT accomplishments ( 17 % o f the instructors ) and the IWB is their lone available board ( 4 % of the instructors ) . Question # 2, â€Å" do you utilize an synergistic whiteboard as portion of your instructor tool, † was chosen as one method of sing the issue of sensed utility. A tool is utile. Eighty per centum of the instructors who participated viewed the usage of IWBs as one facet of their instructor repertory instead than as somehow distant from them. Most of the instructors involved in this research did believe that an IWB was a tool for them to utilize. Merely 5 % of the instructors did non utilize an IWB as portion of their instructor tool. Technological attitude can be seen to some extent by how frequently a instructor uses an IWB. Thus, inquiry # 4, on mean how many lessons per twenty-four hours do you interact with the whiteboard? Peoples who use their engineering more often are assumed to believe it is utile. In this instance, about tierce of the instructors used their IWB for 1-2 lessons each twenty-four hours and about tierce of the instructors used their IWB for 3-4 lessons per twenty-four hours. This information implies that instructors are utilizing their engineering on a regular footing. Teachers seem to see IWB ‘s as a helpful tool in many countries of instruction. The information split closely with 22 % of instructors admiting their belief that IWBs better planning, 20 % describing their belief that an IWB improves gait, 26 % coverage that they believe IWBs aid develop a better lesson flow and 24 % believe that their administration is helped by the usage of an IWB. Fewer instructors have seen an betterment in pupil behavior. On the other manus, 95 % of the instructors perceive the IWB as utile for bettering pupil comprehension of new constructs. Teachers continue to see value in IWB, with sentiments moderately equally split between believing that this engineering increases pupil motive ( 18 % ) , pupil engagement ( 25 % ) , teacher motive ( 15 % ) , and teacher engagement ( 17 % ) . Research strongly suggests that if a instructor believes that any troubles inherent in engineering are greater than what they perceive as its utility, that instructor will non utilize the engineering. When the IWB is non easy available, instructors are unable to entree it and go familiar plenty with it to go comfy. Therefore, inquiry # 1 was asked to measure IWB entree, a strong issue of sensed easiness of usage. In this research the bulk of respondents answered yes. Educational research workers stressed the doctrine of pedagogical alteration as a consequence of engineering. If instructors are utilizing their IWBs as an interaction instructor tool, they are thought to be trying pedagogical alteration. Are instructors utilizing IWBs from their old teaching method or are they incorporating this new engineering and making new ways of learning? Most of the instructors who answered this inquiry are utilizing their IWB as an synergistic instruction tool. The literature on engineering execution stresses the importance of instructor preparation. Most research emphasizes the deficiency of preparation as a barrier to positive integrating of new engineering. Yet more than half of the instructors take parting have had no formal preparation in the usage of an Interactive Whiteboard. The issue of salvaging lessons can mention to sensed easiness of use. The inquiry efforts to understand how instructors are accommodating to the new engineering. Teachers who do non salvage their work have n't yet realized this clip salvaging value built-in in engineering. These instructors are in the minority. A removable memory stick allows instructors to salvage their lessons but non to portion with one another. This could be another clip salvaging mechanism and an experience that increases teacher engineering accomplishment. The same is true of a personal web country. These instructors are in the bulk. A full two-thirds of the instructors use a memory stick or a personal web country to salvage their work. Merely one-forth of the instructors are salvaging their work to their section ‘s resort bank where instructors could easy portion their work with each other.DiscussionGovernmental policy encourages the increased usage of IWB and other engineering in instruction to better p upil success over clip. The literature reappraisal addressed engineering as a tool to be utilized by instructors harmonizing to the perceived utility and perceived easiness of usage. In the ideal, harmonizing to governmental policies, learning would alter and accommodate with the consequence being greater pupil success. This will merely go on if instructors can see that the utility of IWBs outweighs the troubles involved in using them. A simple study was administered to 40 instructors and interviews were conducted with five more instructors. The instructors believe that using IWBs will better pupil motive, motive, engagement in acquisition, teacher-student interaction and ability to larn new constructs. Most instructors do see the IWB as a tool for them to utilize in their instruction. Teachers are utilizing their IWBs on a moderately regular footing. They view this tool as utile for instructors every bit good as pupils. Teachers believe that IWBs make their occupation easier in footings of lesson planning, pacing lessons, lesson flow, administration, and ability to orchestrate schoolroom interaction. While IWBs are readily available for usage, there is a major job with instructor preparation for their usage. As more than one-half of the instructors in this research undertaking had no formal preparation in the usage of synergistic white boards, it is improbable that the coveted governmental educational alterations could reasonable be expected to happen. Equally long as instructors are being given engineering without the preparation to give them a deepness of understanding, they will reasonably implement this engineering from the pedagogical cognition they have.Decisionâ€Å" Teacher ‘s attitudes and experiences towards the usage of Synergistic Whiteboards ( IWBs ) † as instruction and larning tool was conducted to measure how current secondary school instructors match the research literature. Research workers and governmental policy shapers suggest that IWB ‘s can alter teaching method for the better, bettering pupil attainment. Many articles mentioned the deman d for instructors to accommodate themselves to the technological progresss in order to carry through this alteration. However, research besides carefully explained that if the sensed utility did non outweigh the sensed easiness of usage, instructors would non do the attempt to change their thought and learning behavior. For the most portion, the instructors who participated in this survey are utilizing IWBs on a regular footing. The engineering is available. However, without the designated preparation that allows pedagogues to understand engineering at a deep degree, engineering will merely be funnelled through the bing teaching method. This was illustrated by the simple inquiry about salvaging their work. Few instructors take advantage of the chances to portion work by salvaging on a school-wide waiter. Hopefully, future research will measure what needs to happen for instructors to be given engineering preparation that would let them to utilize the full resources of available engineering.Appendix 1: Questionnaire for instructorsDo you hold an synergistic whiteboard available every bit frequently as you would wish? Yes No Make you utilize an synergistic whiteboard as a instructor tool? ( Please tick merely one ) Yes No Sometimes As portion of your learning how make you utilize the whiteboard? ( Please tick merely one ) As an synergistic board ( You touch it with you pen or finger, write on it, etc ) As a show board ( Just to project work for the projector with no interaction ) Both On mean how many lessons per twenty-four hours do you interact with the synergistic whiteboard? No lessons 1 – 2 lessons 3 – 4 lessons 5 – 6 lessons Have you had formal whiteboard preparation? ( Please tick merely one ) Yes No On a instructor ‘s perceptive which of these characteristics do you believe synergistic whiteboards can better? ( More than one can be ticked ) Planing Pace Flow of lessons Do you believe utilizing an synergistic whiteboard better apprehension of new constructs? ( Please tick merely one ) Yes No Do you believe synergistic whiteboards additions: – ( Please click one or more ) Pupil ‘s motive Pupil ‘s engagement Teacher ‘s motive Teacher ‘s engagement What has encouraged you to utilize an synergistic whiteboard? ( Please click one or more ) A new attack to learning Its assortment of use To develop your ICT accomplishments It is the lone board in the schoolroom Make the lesson less nerve-racking How make you salvage the information created? ( Please click one or more ) Do non salvage work Department ‘s resort bank Removable memory stick Other methods Personal web infiniteAppendix 2: Interview inquiries for instructorsMake you utilize an Synergistic Whiteboard? If so how long have you been utilizing one? What do you utilize the Interactive Whiteboard for? Why? What type of interaction does the Interactive Whiteboard encourage? Why? How has the Interactive Whiteboard improved your instruction and acquisition? Why If you had the pick which medium ( Interactive or kick Whiteboard ) would you utilize as a learning tool? Why? What has been the cardinal influence ( s ) that has encouraged you to utilize the Interactive Whiteboard? What things would forestall you from desiring to utilize the Interactive Whiteboard?Appendix 3: Response Datas1. Make you hold an synergistic whiteboard available to utilize every bit frequently as you would wish? Yes 34 85 % No 6 15 % Entire 40 100 % 2. Make you utilize an synergistic whiteboard as portion of your instructor tool? Yes 32 80 % No 2 5 % Sometimes 6 15 % Entire 40 100 % 3. As portion of your learning how make you utilize the whiteboard? As an synergistic board 28 70 % As a show board 6 15 % Both 6 15 % Entire 40 100 % 4. On mean how many lessons per twenty-four hours do you interact with the whiteboard? No lessons 2 5 % 1-2 lessons 14 35 % 3-4 lessons 14 35 % 5-6 lessons 10 25 % 40 100 % 5. Have you has any formal whiteboard preparation Yes 18 45 % No 22 55 % 40 100 % 6. Think IW can better Planing 10 22 % Pace 9 20 % Flow of lessons 12 26 % Administration 11 24 % Behaviour direction 4 8 % Entire 46 100 % 7. Make you believe utilizing an synergistic whiteboard better apprehension of new constructs? Yes 38 95 % No 2 5 % Entire 40 100 % 8. Make you believe synergistic whiteboards additions Think IW additions Pupil ‘s motive 12 18 % Pupil ‘s engagement 16 25 % Teacher ‘s motive 10 15 % Teacher ‘s engagement 11 17 % Active student engagement 16 25 % Entire 65 100 % 9. What has encouraged you to utilize an synergistic whiteboard? Encourage to utilize IW A new attack to learning 9 22 % Its assortment of use 13 32 % To develop your ICT accomplishments 7 17 % Merely board in the schoolroom 2 4 % Make the lesson less nerve-racking 10 25 % Entire 41 100 % 10. How do you salvage the information created? How make you salvage the information created A new attack to learning 9 22 % Its assortment of use 13 32 % To develop your ICT accomplishments 7 17 % Merely board in the schoolroom 2 4 % Make the lesson less nerve-racking 10 25 % Entire 41 100 %

Mini-Case – Finance

In order to decide on an IPO price, we must look at the current financial position of the company, as well as make projections for possible future scenarios. From the data given, we know that Prairie Home Stores (PHS) has a current book value of $80,000,000. With 400,000 outstanding shares, the book equity per share is $200. There are two possible paths for future performance to consider. The first, a constant growth scenario, assumes that PHS will continue on its current trajectory of paying out 2/3 of its earnings as dividends, and retaining the other 2/3 to grow the business.In this scenario, we will continue the company’s growth rate of 5%, with no change in plowback or dividends. In this scenario, price per share is determined by the current dividends, divided by (r-g) The value of the company will be equal to the present value of all future cash flows ( i. e. dividend payments) that investors expect to receive. Constant growth scenario: EPS 2013 = $ 12,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $ 30. 00 Book equity per share in 2013 = $80,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $200. 00 per share Dividends paid out per share in 2013 = $ 8,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $ 20. 00 per share Payout ratio in 2013 = $ 20. 0 (DIV2013) / $ 30 (EPS 2013) = 0. 67 Plowback ratio 2013 = $10. 00 (RE per share 2013) / $ 30. 00 (EPS 2013) = 0. 33 Sustainable growth rate = 0. 15 (rate of return) x 0. 33 (plowback ratio) = 5 % Price per share 2012 = DIV2013/(r-g) = $20/(11%-5% ) = $ 333. 33 $ 333. 33 price per share x 400,000 shares = $ 133,333,333 – value of the company in 2012 P/E ratio = $ 333. 33( price per share) / 30 (EPS) = 11. 11 Rapid Growth Scenario: Since Price = DIV / r-g, and there are no dividends paid in the years 2013 – 2016, we can calculate the value of the company in 2016 and discount it to obtain the Present value in 2012.EPS 2017 = $21,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $52. 50 Book equity per share 2017 = $139,900,000 / 400,000 shares = $349. 75 Dividends paid out per s hare 2017 = $14,000,000 / 400,000 shares = $35. 00 Payout ratio in 2017 = $ 35. 00 (DIV per share 2017) / $ 52. 50 (EPS 2017) = 0. 67 Plowback ratio in 2017 = $ 17. 50 (RE in 2017) / 52. 50 (EPS in 2017) = 0. 33 Sustainable growth rate = 0. 15 (rate of return) x 0. 33 (plowback ratio) = 5 % Price per share in 2016= $35. 00 (DIV 2017) / 0. 06 (r – g)= $583. 33 Let’s discount it to 2012 value: Financial calculator: FV = 583. 33 N = 4, I/Yr = 11% PV = 384. 5 – price per share in 2012 384. 25 x 400,000 shares = 153,700,000 – value of the company in 2012 under rapid growth Conclusion: Rapid growth scenario promises higher stock price, so it should be chosen. PVGO between the previous example and this one: 153,700,000 – 133,333,333 = 20,366,667 Under both scenarios, current price per share is more than $200. Now here’s my calculations: Constant growth scenario: Assuming a 15% required return: P0 = DIV1 / (r-g) = $20 / (. 15 – . 05) = $20/. 1 = $200 Assuming an 11% required return, we’ll have: P0 = DIV1 / (r-g) = $20 / (. 11 – . 05) = $20/. 06 = $333. 33In the constant growth scenario, the stock is valued at $200 if we assume a 15% expected return, and $333. 33 if we assume 11% expected return. Now, in the rapid growth scenario, things get even more exciting. I think that 2017/2020 is the horizon year, because it’s AFTER that point when the growth goes down to 5%. In paragraph 6, the problem states â€Å"†¦ would require reinvestment of all of Prairie Home’s earnings from 2016 to 2019. After that the company could resume its normal dividend payout and growth. † your book’s years:20122013201420152016201720182019 my book’s years:20152016201720182019202020212022 year #01234567 arnings growth from previous year—4. 6%15%15%15%15%5%5% dividend0000$35$36. 75$38. 59 todayH NB: neither book shows 2019 or 2022, but we know that the beginning of the year figures are the same as the end of year figures for the previous year, so that’s where I got those. Ultimately, it doesn’t really matter – I’m just reinforcing the point that we turn into a constant growth scenario beginning with year 6. Our non-constant growth model says this: PV = D1/(1+r)1 + D2 / (1+r)2 + †¦ + DH / (1+r)H + PH / (1+r)H and we get PH with this formula: PH = Dt+1 / (r-g) The dividends for the foreseeable future (years 1 – 4) will all be 0, so hose first numbers will add up to 0. We know that the dividend at the horizon year – year 5 – is $35. The expected future price of the stock at year 5 will be: P5 = D6 / (r-g) Plugging in numbers there, we have: P5 = $36. 75 / (. 15 – . 05) = $36. 75/. 1 = $367. 50 Again, that’s assuming a 15% required return. Then the third part of the process is to add up all of those numbers, discounting them to the present value: P0 = D1 + D2 + D3 + D4 + D5 / (1. 15)5 + P5 / (1. 15)5 = 0 + (35 + 367. 5) / (1. 15)5 = 402. 5/(1. 15)5 Or on the calculator: FV = 402. 50, I/YR = 15, N=5, PV = $200. 11 Then we go to the 11% required return.There, we’ll see that: P5 = D6 / (r-g) = $36. 75 / (. 11 – . 05) = $612. 50 And then: P0 = D1 + D2 + D3 + D4 + D5 / (1. 11)5 + P5 / (1. 11)5 = 0 + (35 + 612. 50) / (1. 11)5 = †¦ (Calculator: FV = 647. 50, I/YR = 11, N = 5, PV = $384. 26) In the rapid growth scenario, the stock is valued at $200. 11 if we assume a 15% expected return, and $384. 26 if we assume 11% expected return. This is the point where I defer to you, or we can talk about this more tomorrow. Our math says to price the stock somewhere between $200 and $384, but how do we choose? I get the sense that you understand that better than I do, so I can use your input for sure.We believe that Prairie Home Stores should value the stock at $384. xx because we should choose the We recommend choosing the rapid growth scenario, plowback more earnings into growing the company, and set the IPO price as $384. whatever. Our prospectus will show that we intend to invest more of our earnings into growing the company over the next 4 years, and as a result investors and the market will support a price of $384. We chose to use 11% as our expected rate of return, because this is the rate shown in the Journal of Finance as being the rate offered by other, equally risky stocks in the same industry as Prairie Home Stores.The PVGO is $153,700,000 – 133,333,333 = $20,366,667. This indicates that the company has room to grow, which will be attractive to investors. Investors believe that under the rapid growth scenario. According to our calculations, Mr. Breezeway was wise to counsel his son( ) to not sell the stock for $200, as we believe that the company is worth more than current BOOK VALUE PER SHARE – include something about this. $200 per the current values (this is what the whoever dude offered the son), but our calculations show that th e company is more valuable than the $200 price indicates.

Defining Abuse

Defining Abuse Free Online Research Papers Have you have ever pushed, threatened, or touched someone inappropriately? If so, you have either physically, sexually or verbally abused someone. Generally speaking, the word â€Å"Abuse† means treatment of something, such as a person, or thing, that causes some kind of harm or is against the law or just plain wrong. Physical abuse is a form of abuse, which involves contact intended to cause pain, injury, suffering or harm. Sexual abuse is the forcing of non-wanted sexual acts by one person to another. Last, Verbal abuse is when a person uses foul language or says things that threaten or make a person feel scared, which gives the aggressor power over the victim. Sometimes the victim may even die of a severe injury, emotionally or physically, which the abuser has made occur. Physical abuse may occur anywhere from a high school to you own house. Between midnight and four am, 4 out of every 10 children in the world are physically abused. Striking, punching, pushing, slapping, pinching, kicking, tripping, and strangling are all forms of physical abuse. This form of abuse may cause shaking, scars, scratches or bruises. Physical abusers can be anybody not just dirty people who are perverts. They can be your parents to even your teachers. Physical abuse is one of the most dangerous form or abuse, and it is one of the leading causes of death. There are many ways to abuse people; sexual abuse is the second main form of abuse. Sexual abuse occurs when an adult or youth uses someone for sexual purposes when they don’t want it, such as rape. This form of abuse also includes oral, anal, genital, buttock, breast contact and sexual stimulation. When sexual abuse occurs, the victim is most likely a girl that is a child or adolescent, and a man or older boy is most often the abuser. One-third of all sex crimes, the victim are males, otherwise they are females. Sexual, unlike most forms of abuses are reported. In some cases, the sexual abuse isn’t even thrown into jail. If a person is verbally abused since he or she was a child, he or she can get long-term affects. The experiences you go through when you are a child provide a system for the expression of the children’s intelligence, emotions and personality. When those experiences are always negative, children may build up emotional, behavioral and learning problems that carry on during their lifetime. There are many different types of verbal abuses such as threatening, yelling, insulting, and many more. Some symptoms of verbal abuse are headaches, dizziness, and many more. Once this abuse gets to the victim, he or she will be emotional hurt. Once a person is emotionally hurt, he or she may feel that they are not wanted in this world, and may even kill themselves. Based an the information I have provided, you should realize that abuse can hurt you physically or mentally, and it could potentially scar you for life. Abuse can occur to any body, at any time, and at any place. If you know anyone who is being abused, you might want to help him or her out and try to understand what he or she is going through. By talking to the school guidance councilors, they may offer some suggestions, or even speech to higher authorities. Sometimes talking things though with your family members may even resolve matters. Everyone goes though it once in there life, so if it happens too you don’t worry about it because you’re not alone. Research Papers on Defining AbuseArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)The Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UsePersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyCapital PunishmentInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHip-Hop is ArtEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenStandardized Testing

Living in a Frictionless World Essays

Living in a Frictionless World Essays Living in a Frictionless World Paper Living in a Frictionless World Paper Problems that could occur in a frictionless world: One of the most known problems would be that everything will slip; there will be no friction helping the object to stay in place. One example is when you are walking, you will slip a lot because there is no friction between the ground and your foot (or what you are wearing on your feet). Another example Is that you cannot hold anything; everything you try to hold will slip off your hand. Another very dangerous Issue would be when you are driving a vehicle; the vehicle will never stop moving unless It crashed Into something. There will no longer be any alarm resistance If friction does not exist on Earth. Thus, any meteorite that Is falling towards Earths surface will have no alarm resistance to create friction which generates heat. Henceforth, the meteorite will not lose any volume. This will make life a lot more dangerous when a meteorite Is crashing onto Earth. Another concern will be that you cannot digest any of your food; this Is because it requires friction for your body to digest food. Also, whatever you digest in your body will immediately exit your body because there is no friction to hold it in your body. Thus, human will not be able to survive for too long without friction. 2. Steps to help humankind to survive and function: As stated above, human will not be able to survive for so long without friction due to he fact that their body cannot digest food or store any ingested solid or liquid. Thus, it is require that they move to another area (parts of the world where there is still friction). Or what human could do is build restaurant in that area where there is friction for people to eat. This way, if the people eat there, their food could be digested. They should stay in that area for a couple of hours (long enough for their food to be digested).

Identifing the North American Gums

Identifing the North American Gums The tupelos, or sometimes called pepperidge tree, are members of a small genus called Nyssa. There are only about 9 to 11 species worldwide. They are known to grow in mainland China and eastern Tibet and North America. The North American tupelo has alternate, simple leaves and the fruit is a single drupe containing seed. These seed capsules float and are distributed over major wetland areas where the tree regenerates. Water tupelo is especially adept at seed dispersal along waterways. Most, especially water tupelo, are highly tolerant of wet soils and flooding, some needing to grow in such environments to ensure future regeneration. Only two important species are native to eastern North America and none live naturally in the Western states. Black Tupelo or Nyssa sylvatica is the most common true gum in North America and grows from Canada to Texas. Another common tree that is called a gum is sweetgum and is actually an entirely different tree species classification called Liquidambar. The fruit and leaves of sweetgum look nothing like these true gums. Water tupelo or Nyssa aquatica is a wetland tree living mostly along the coastal plain from Texas to Virginia. Water tupelos range reaches far up the Mississippi River to southern Illinois. It is most often found in swamps and near perennial wet areas and a companion tree to baldcypress. Tupelos are highly valued honey plants in the Southeastern and Gulf Coast states, producing a very light, mild-tasting honey. In northern Florida, beekeepers keep beehives along the river swamps on platforms or floats during tupelo bloom to produce certified tupelo honey, which commands a high price on the market because of its flavor. Interesting Facts About Gums Black gum can be a slow grower but does best on moist, acid soils. Still, its persistence in cultivation can make for one of the most beautiful fall red leaf colors. Purchase a proven cultivar for the best results including Sheffield Park, Autumn Cascade and Bernheim Select. The water tupelo is also called cotton gum for its cottony new growth. It is just as hearty on wetland as baldcypress and ranked as one of the most flood-tolerant tree species in North America. This gum can become huge and sometimes exceed 100 feet in height. The tree can, like baldcypress, grow a grand basal trunk buttress. One species that I have not listed here is the Ogeechee gum that grows in parts of South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. It is of little commercial value and has a limited range. The Gum Tree List Black Tupelo GumWater Tupelo Leaves: alternate, simple, not toothed.Bark: deeply furrowed.Fruit: elliptical berry.

Goals of Punishment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Goals of Punishment - Essay Example Among these have been punishments aimed at shaming individuals into avoiding to commit crimes which they had committed before (Word, 2007). An example of these shaming punishments has been the requirement for first time DUI offenders to wear a yellow license plate when they are on suspension. This requirement has ensured that the rates of imprisonment for DUI offenders, which takes a huge chunk off state budgets, have been reduced. It has been found that this is the most cost effective way for the achievement of deterrence as well as the satisfaction for the demands of retribution.While this requirement had been legislated in the 1960s; it was rarely used until the state of Ohio declared it mandatory for all those found committing the DUI offense. One would say that this is a reasonable punishment because it achieves the goal of punishing the individual through being exposed to the public throughout his or her suspension period. The shame derived from this exposure ensures that the individual involved does not repeat the same offense. In fact, the fear of going through the same experience for a second time will act as deterrence from committing future offenses. This measure has seen a level of success in the last few years as seen through the reduction of the number of r estricted number plates from over 10000 in the first year of it implementation to 5270 a year later. In the New York area of Bronx, the most frequently used method of deterrence to crime is the stop and frisk method. This is the case where police officers stop anyone whom they suspect of having criminal intentions and searching them. Despite the good intentions that were intended when this practice was instituted, it has come to be extremely unpopular with the residents, especially those from minority groups. Statistics show that while African Americans only make up 23% of New Yorkers, they are the victims of 53% of the stop and

Lord Byron (1788-1824) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Lord Byron (1788-1824) - Essay Example Braham and Nathan (1815) offered one of the most notable contemporary commentaries on the poem, comparing Byron’s illustration of the beauty with that of the ancient poets such as Virgil, whose Venus was also known for her walk. Byron’s lady walks in beauty, like the night / Of cloudless climes and starry skies†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (line 1-2) According to Braham and Nathan, the readers are totally at a loss to conjure the beauty of this lady who seems to affect solitude. â€Å"She is altogether a very non-descript kind of personage, whether we regard her as ‘walking like night’, or as having ‘all that’s best of dark and bright in her eyes and aspect’; but what the particularities of this lady have to do with Hebrew circumstances or characteristics †¦ are supposed to give the poem its specific and appropriate character†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Braham and Nathan, 205) Therefore, it is fundamental to recognize that the people in the nineteenth century who loved literature shared their ideas, analyses, interpretations, etc of their contemporary literary works in various effective means. These criticisms and reviews are the basic scholarly literature for the modern attempts to analyze and understand these works. Work Cited Braham, J and Isaac Nathan. A Selection of Hebrew Melodies, Ancient and Modern with appropriate Symphonies and Accompaniments. The British review and London Critical Journal.

Film Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Film Report - Assignment Example Those who were lucky to have gone to school and had learnt some English later indigenized the music into other languages. It was first produced in the wolof language since wolof was the biggest language group in Senegal. Since the introduction of the hip hop music, there are over three thousand thriving hip hop groups in Dakar. The groups are trying to deeply express whatever is burning in their hearts. All the groups being that they are using the hip hop music to create awareness of their countries political instability makes the country to be of particular interest in contemporary African hip hop movement. The once imported sound of fighting the power was now something distinctly Senegalese where it was only about democracy in the country. Senegal’s hip hop culture is grounded both in the local and in the transnational network of music and ideas. It’s hip hop mixes both sound and culture. When Awadi is questioned on the successfulness of hip hop in Senegal, he replies that they have a traditional connection with hip hop; traditional music called, Tulsa or kebetu where you play drums and talk on the beat. In hip life film Democracy in Senegal, the hip hop practitioners deeply exhibits that they were the ones who played the greatest role in the regime change in their country. They were not telling the people on who to vote for because they believed that all politicians in Senegal were the same but they adviced them to vote. The Sen kumpe group is very courageous.the group talks about anything including politics and is limited by nothing. The groups faces severe problems when reflecting these political issues one being that of The flag of Senegal where the media could not help in the airing of critical messages. The other one being that the groups received threats of being sued. So many people have gone into exile as a result. Bambino was threatened that his house was to be burnt down if he continued talking

Mental processes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mental processes - Essay Example t of questions asked about how the mental processes are relevant to our everyday activities and whether it is possible to study the mind when we cannot see the mind. The mind-brain identity theory holds that the mind is the brain and that mental states are the brains. It identifies sensations and other mental phenomena with the physical processes of the brain (Brook & Roberts, 178). This theory views the mind and brain as being identical. Unlike other philosophers, who argue that, experiences are brain processes, but are non-physical properties. The brain-mind theory affirms that mind is a physical thing, which is the brain. This theory disagrees with both substance dualism and property dualism theories (Mandik, 263). The theory maintains that mind is the brain just like water is H2O or lighting is electricity (Brook & Robert, 178). It dismisses the substance dualism on the ground that the mind is non-physical by affirming the mind as being a thing, which is the brain. The theory also disagrees with the property dualism on the basis of brain properties such as qualia are non-physical properties (Mandik, 264). According to the theory, qualia indeed are properties, but they are one and similar to the brain properties. This theory refers to the mental state as something literally, inner, since a person’s brain is literally inside the body (Mandik, 265). The mind-brain theory gives an explanation of the correlation of mental states with brain states, as it highlights the role of empirical investigation about mind and bra in. It also solves the mind causation problems as it reduces mental realm to physical (Mandik, 265). This theory plays a role as it investigates the process of the mental state from the physical perspective. However, the mind theory faces the challenge of multiple realizability in which it states, for every mental state there is a unique physical-chemical state of the brain in the sense that a life form can be in the mental state on condition that it

Federal Express Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Federal Express - Case Study Example The complaint letter by an office manager portrays FedEx as a company with no value for its customer’s fulfillment. This is seen in the way they do not bother replying the stressed out customer. Anita has shown the strength of FedEx by stating the delivery of her cargo at last although it was too late. FedEx has shown strength by being ready to cut off shipping fees. They deliver goodies and chocolate as a make up gift to an unsatisfied customer. Background FedEx is a Memphis based Leading Corporation that handles the shipping of cargo by air to several destinations in the world. FedEx’s viewpoint is to place people first, provide them with the best service and take profits later (McDougall & Dorken, 147). FedEx is the first company to offer a money back policy to customers with complaints, and it is the only corporation that uses technology to trail its vans and cargoes. This study surveys the dealings of FedEx in relation to client fulfillment. Problem Statement Altho ugh FedEx is a leading cargo transporter, it does not fully provide client satisfaction as seen in exhibit 1. Anita Kilgour an office manager at desktop innovations has three complaints about the services offered to her company by FedEx express (McDougall & Dorken, 144). ... ards for being; â€Å"the leader in the use of technology, rigorous international standards for quality management and assurance, and the Malcolm Balridge National Quality Award† (McDougall & Dorken, 148). Situation Analysis A SWOT analysis on FedEx can be used to analyze the situation that occurred between desktop innovations and Federal Express. The strength of the company is stated in the manner in which FedEx recovered and delivered desktop innovation’s cargo. Weakness in the company is brought about by the problem of massive daily consignment leading to temporary losses. The company ships 2.9 million packages nightly, and serves 212 countries (McDougall & Dorken, 148). Opportunity for FedEx Company can be utilized through, using Anita’s complaint as an opportunity to upgrade its services. FedEx can add more staff, upgrade its tracking machines and offer satisfying compensations to unsatisfied clients. Threat for the company comes in the loss of reputation fo r the leading company. This negative advertisement can lead to FedEx facing stiff competition from rival companies. Alternatives FedEx as a leading company has to find alternatives to curb the customer dissatisfaction like the complaint lodged by Anita of desktop innovations. The first substitute that FedEx could use is to ship fewer cargoes instead of the 2.9 million cargoes shipped daily. This will lead to easier tracking of every cargo they ship, thus avoidance of loss or delays of cargoes. The subsequent alternative that could be useful to FedEx is on the phone department. Instead of FedEx putting up the 250 customer representatives in Canada only, the corporation could split them to other countries. After the split, the corporation could additionally divide them into complaints department and

Cribbing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cribbing - Essay Example Despite how little is known about cribbing, there are preventative methods, as well as treatments. Cribbing is not only harmful to property, but also to an equine’s overall health. When a horse cribs, it is thought that the action releases endorphins. Endorphins are a chemical that releases sensations of pleasure and relaxation from the brain into the body. These endorphins are why cribbing is such an addictive habit, and why it is so difficult to stop a horse from doing it once it has begun. One of the most accepted theories on why a horse will start cribbing is stress. Many equines are kept in stalls for much of their lives, but under natural conditions, the horse is moving almost 90% of the time, constantly grazing and focusing on food. In a stall, the horse is confined and not able to move around and graze. Not being able to roam the way it is naturally designed for, a horse will grow stressed, which then leads to bad habits like cribbing. Cribbing has several negative eff ects on both property and the health of the equine. Horse teeth are very strong, and are capable of damaging things like wood, leather, plastic, and a number of other things that make up fences and equipment. When a horse cribs, it uses its teeth to grab onto an object, such as a fence. It then arches its neck and forcefully sucks in a lungful of air. This process is repeated again and again. One of the biggest dangers for a horse that cribs are dental problems. Because they are continuously chewing and grabbing hard objects with their teeth, this can have a negative consequence, which may result in chipped, broken, or deformed teeth. Teeth, however, are not the only thing horse owners need to worry about with a horse that cribs. Poor digestion and colic are two of the other problems that are often reported with a cribbing horse. Wickens (2009) said that ‘Gastrointestinal irritation has been implicated in crib-biting (CB) in horses.’ Treating this nasty habit can be bot h difficult and time consuming. Because cribbing is widely known to be caused by stress, giving your horse ample time in the pasture is one solution that could eliminate the problem altogether. Boredom can also contribute to stress in your horse, and so giving it activities and working with it on a regular basis will curb that boredom. Cadlock (2000-2005) says to ‘provide your horse with a companion, preferably another horse, but goats also often make good companions for horses.’ Other studies state that different types of work (ie, dressage, jumping, cross country, etc.) can lead to cribbing. In one such study, Hausberger (2009) found that ‘Repetitive licking and/or biting of substrates was observed mostly in eventing horses, whereas cribbing and windsucking occurred only in dressage and high school horses.’ For a more ‘hands on’ approach, there are collars available that go around a cribbing horse’s neck. These collars, or straps, are designed to stop the horse from swallowing air. A metal plate that presses into the underside of the animal’s throat makes it difficult to swallow air. As a last resort, surgery can be used to cut the muscles in the horse’s neck to stop the animal from lifting its head up. Prevention is the only true way of being certain that this damaging habit does not take hold. Limiting stall time is the biggest and most helpful way to prevent a cribbing habit. When your horse is able to be a horse, this reduces the animals’

Federal Express Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Federal Express - Case Study Example The complaint letter by an office manager portrays FedEx as a company with no value for its customer’s fulfillment. This is seen in the way they do not bother replying the stressed out customer. Anita has shown the strength of FedEx by stating the delivery of her cargo at last although it was too late. FedEx has shown strength by being ready to cut off shipping fees. They deliver goodies and chocolate as a make up gift to an unsatisfied customer. Background FedEx is a Memphis based Leading Corporation that handles the shipping of cargo by air to several destinations in the world. FedEx’s viewpoint is to place people first, provide them with the best service and take profits later (McDougall & Dorken, 147). FedEx is the first company to offer a money back policy to customers with complaints, and it is the only corporation that uses technology to trail its vans and cargoes. This study surveys the dealings of FedEx in relation to client fulfillment. Problem Statement Altho ugh FedEx is a leading cargo transporter, it does not fully provide client satisfaction as seen in exhibit 1. Anita Kilgour an office manager at desktop innovations has three complaints about the services offered to her company by FedEx express (McDougall & Dorken, 144). ... ards for being; â€Å"the leader in the use of technology, rigorous international standards for quality management and assurance, and the Malcolm Balridge National Quality Award† (McDougall & Dorken, 148). Situation Analysis A SWOT analysis on FedEx can be used to analyze the situation that occurred between desktop innovations and Federal Express. The strength of the company is stated in the manner in which FedEx recovered and delivered desktop innovation’s cargo. Weakness in the company is brought about by the problem of massive daily consignment leading to temporary losses. The company ships 2.9 million packages nightly, and serves 212 countries (McDougall & Dorken, 148). Opportunity for FedEx Company can be utilized through, using Anita’s complaint as an opportunity to upgrade its services. FedEx can add more staff, upgrade its tracking machines and offer satisfying compensations to unsatisfied clients. Threat for the company comes in the loss of reputation fo r the leading company. This negative advertisement can lead to FedEx facing stiff competition from rival companies. Alternatives FedEx as a leading company has to find alternatives to curb the customer dissatisfaction like the complaint lodged by Anita of desktop innovations. The first substitute that FedEx could use is to ship fewer cargoes instead of the 2.9 million cargoes shipped daily. This will lead to easier tracking of every cargo they ship, thus avoidance of loss or delays of cargoes. The subsequent alternative that could be useful to FedEx is on the phone department. Instead of FedEx putting up the 250 customer representatives in Canada only, the corporation could split them to other countries. After the split, the corporation could additionally divide them into complaints department and

Biomedical stent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Biomedical stent - Essay Example The manufacturing of stents is usually conducted in a careful method that a features the use of highly complex and advanced processes in order to meet the requirements. Some of the common methods that are used in the manufacture of stents include the identification of the optimal materials to be used in the manufacture. The choice of material is of supreme value because it determines the effectiveness of the product. A poorly chosen optimal raw material would lead to cases of maladjustment with the results that the stent would be ill suited to perform the kind of task for which it was designed. Laser cutting techniques feature prominently in the manufacture of stents (Shrivastava 25). The use of laser is necessary for the purposes of ensuring precision. The laser cutting processes usually involves the application of complex geometries that are determined by the minute measurements applied within the process. Cardiovascular, peripheral, or neurovascular blood vessels are some of the vessels that often receive the support of stents for purposes of support and scaffolding. Stents also apply in providing solutions to some natural passages gastrointestinal and urinary tracts, which are often prone to diseases and conditions that affect the processes of natural flow within them (Shrivastava 28). Depending on the tasks for which they are created, stents may differ in make, size, and orientation. Stainless CoCr and Nitinol or a combination of the two is some of the materials that are often used in the manufacture of stents. The choice of material used in the manufacture of stents is usually determined by the nature and place of usage. Generally, coronary and peripheral stents are made of stainless while neurovascular, carotid, and biliary stents rely more on Nitinol material for their manufacture (Shrivastava 43). The major differences in these stents are defined in

Carbon Footprint of an Egg Essay Example for Free

Carbon Footprint of an Egg Essay White, round, smooth are picturesque descriptions of an egg. An egg has a simple exterior that is easy to describe. However, this simple egg has a complex ecological footprint that contributes to the destruction of our planet, people, and prosperity. Eggs are essential to every dimension of the earth. An egg is a nutritious source protein and vitamins, triggering the performance of health maintenance in humans. Not only are eggs an exceptional source of nutrients, they are also linked with â€Å"preserving memory, and lutein and zeaxanthin, which may protect against vision loss† (â€Å"Egg Nutrition Heart Disease†). Eggs possess intrinsic value that is considered to benefit the planet; eggs are part of the natural ecosystem services that powers all life on the earth. Without egg production, a snowball effect will prompt species extinction, hampering income, and other destructive outcomes. Thus, the importance of eggs in today’s world is revealed through a sense of balance among the ecosystem cycles of the planet. In actuality, the production process of a chicken, to an egg, to a mouth yields unsustainable impacts that contribute to the destruction of the triple bottom line. The process of moving a laying hen’s egg from the coop to a frying pan influences destructive practices ranging from the profit-oriented American who practices industrialized farming techniques to the pollution of our planet’s non-abundant water supply. Every input of egg production affects the final nutritious, commercial good. But, is this process nutritious for the earth? Animal welfare, societal values, the environment, economics, human health, as well as food safety and quality are many of the elements incorporated in a sustainable production system (Mench, Summer, and Rosen-Molina 1). Egg production has a large-sized ecological footprint compared to the small size of an egg. This ecological impact begins at production and peels back layers of unsustainable inputs and outputs as the sequential process advances. The causal relationship of egg production and unsustainable inputs and outputs allows an in-depth look at the root cause of this footprint. In order to initiate a sustainable movement toward an efficient, effective, and healthy egg, we must start at the origin of an egg. Innovative efficiency lies within the real â€Å"chicken,† who must execute forward-thinking actions for a sustainable future. The  United States is the second largest egg producer in the world (Mante 298). The egg industry in the United States has evolved from small, family farms into huge, factory farms with the goal of fast, high profit and low input costs. These factory farms play a major role in current unsustainable lifestyles due to their intensive agricultural methods. In the United States, the majority of poultry farmers use a method called cage systems. In this system, the laying hens are confined and crammed into injury-prone wire cages leading to an explosion of overcrowding, mortality rates, cannibalism, pollution, and disease (Xin, H. et al. ). Farms cram laying hens into the wire cages in order to achieve the industrialized goal of low production costs and high profit. The farmer ignores a chicken’s natural, evolutionary diet and creates a forced diet to operate as a catalyst for production rate. In order to achieve faster, larger, and cheaper results the feed is pumped full of chemicals, antibiotics, as well as â€Å"millions of tons of meat and bone meal from post-slaughter animal waste are recycled back into animal feed each year,† (â€Å"Feed, Factory Farms Cheap Feed†). Not only does this processed diet affect the health of the chicken, but also consumer’s health. A direct result of additives in the feed is disease-prone hens. Therefore, the diseases acquired from antibiotic resistance combined with the ailments from overcrowding, cannibalism, and injury, are passed from the laying hen to their egg offspring and their wastes. For example, a commonly used chemical in poultry feed is Arsenic. Arsenic is used to promote growth and prevent disease. However, if consumed by chickens, this poisonous compound lands in their meat, their feces and eventually in water supplies. This additive is related to various health problems such as warts, sore throat, cancer, and even death by poisoning (â€Å"Animal Welfare, Confined Animals†). Chicken waste is a large contributor to the pollution of the planet. The majority of the United State’s poultry farms utilize the advantageous chicken manure in measures that harmonize with the accumulation of the industrialize mindset of low cost and high profit. Intensive farms’ outlook on the waste is based on economics instead of effective and efficient use of the natural resource. Most of the chicken waste is â€Å"sold to other farmers as untreated fertilizer,† (â€Å"Watch That Birds Rear†) for a profit and after the sale, regulation of the waste ceases to exist and many violations of environmental laws occur. Chicken manure is a nutrient-rich, organic fertilizer for land growth when used well. However, if it is over-applied the toxic levels of nitrogen and phosphorous will spoil water quality via run-off and leaks (Mante 298). The water is then consumed by other inhabitants of the world, which leads to harmful societal impacts such as disease and death. There is also a limited and decreasing supply safe water on the planet, thus, toxic run-off rapidly increases the amount of foul water while simultaneously increasing the earth’s water debt. Another profit-making disposal method is selling the waste to animal feed and chicken litter, or bedding, producers. This production logic is convincing through an economic mind-tunnel, but the real dangers of waste consumption outweigh the positive economic impacts. The unsustainable use of poultry litter lies within the â€Å"current disposal methods such as land application and feeding to cattle are now under pressure because of pollution of water resources due to leaching, runoffs and concern for mad cow disease contamination of the food chain,† (Mante 298). For instance, if cattle consumes chicken waste in feed for source of protein it plays a major factor in the development of mad cow disease, which not only annihilates the waste’s organic value, but also the entire, living cow. Poultry farms’ conventional egg production methods do not resourcefully employ chicken waste. Although this waste is viewed as a â€Å"hazardous waste† poisoning the planet, society, and economy, chicken manure is de facto valuable and nourishing for the land when correctly recycled into the soil. Chicken waste is made up of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Alone, the waste is too potent to fertilize the land, but with effort by putting the waste through a composting process, it can be one of the most resourceful and sustainable fertilizers to date (Duncan). Since extra time, resources, and effort are involved to create the value of chicken waste, most large, industrial farms do not participate in these sustainable practices. Not only does this waste of a crude resource amplify the destruction of our planet, it also wastes the nourishing approaches farms could develop to conserve the planet, boost the economy, and sustain the society. Conventional cage eggs are produced from hens in a communal crowded cage system (â€Å"Facts About the Egg Production Process†). Hundreds of hens are crammed into environmentally controlled wire cages. The conventional cage system is a widespread egg production method, but not the only one. Alternate egg production systems include barn, free range, and organic. There is a vast amount of debate over which type of housing system is the most effective and sustainable approach. In order to achieve sustainable egg production, consideration of the source’s welfare, living standards, and behavioral development must take place. Barn housing systems house free-roaming hens limited to the barn’s walls. Barn systems increase hens’ health, physical activity, and natural behavior solely due to the free movement in the barn’s boundaries. Even with these advantages, there are still many unsustainable impacts resulting from barn systems. Some of these disadvantages include increased injury, feather pecking, cannibalism, and low air quality from higher levels of toxins. Free-range systems allow unrestricted movement inside housing walls, similar to barn systems, but the birds also have daily access to the outdoors. Consequently, laying hens in free-range egg production systems develop healthier lifestyles as a direct effect of the access to the natural outdoor habitat as well as availability of fresh food and water. However, the steady contact to the outdoors can also lead to negative performance. Health risks, air-borne disease, predators, and resistance to explore unfamiliar areas are drawbacks associated with free-range housing systems (â€Å"Welfare Implications of Laying Hen Housing† 1-3). Organic eggs are produced in a cage-free setting in accordance with the national USDA standards. The organic egg production process bans hens’ intake of chemicals, antibiotics, growth hormones, and all unnatural elements used to increase speed, production, profit, and so on (â€Å"Facts About the Egg Production Process†). The different methods of egg production have varying impacts on people, planet, and prosperity. Production of animal feed is the leading factor in greenhouse gas emissions and accounts for 92% of the poultry industry’s ecological footprint. Surprisingly, organic or free-range eggs may not be the most successful, sustainable production process. Both systems have a larger carbon footprint than any alternative production system. The comfort of natural inputs and fair animal treatment in an organic and free-range egg production process creates the misleading marketing tactic that this method is the most effective approach to achieve a sustainable planet. When in reality, organic and free-range layer hens consume more feed and produce fewer eggs than any other production system (Gasperoni 1). These methods require higher costs for greater resource inputs while concurrently reducing outputs. Hence, organic and free-range processes yield eggs with an equal nutritional value impact on humans as any other production process, but an unsustainable economic and environmental impact. After the eggs are laid, the production process takes a turn from the evolutionary production of eggs to the commercial manufacturing of eggs. The first step in preparing the eggs for distribution to commercial retailers by packaging eggs into cartons. The United States, being the second largest egg producer, purchases an average of four billion egg cartons yearly almost reaching a grossing $500 million (â€Å"Egg Cartons, Our Link with the Consumer†). Egg cartons are critical in order to protect eggs from damage during shipping and handling, preventing cracks in the shell, keeping the eggs clean, and providing nutritional information for individual cartons. There are two common types of egg cartons: the polystyrene foam container and the pulp molded fiber carton. Polystyrene foam containers have been the leading material egg cartons used since the 1940s. Polystyrene foam packages have many beneficial characteristics for the egg industry and their customers. Some benefits of these egg cartons include their ability to hold a substantial amount of weight, protective cushioning for the fragile eggs, made in various identification colors, as well as proficient insulation to prevent eggs cracking and spoiling from external heat. The pulp molded fiber cartons are not as popular as polystyrene foam containers, but still used by a number of egg manufacturers in the U.  S. Fiber cartons are composed of recycled material as well as biodegradable, and are therefore deemed environmentally friendly by consumers. However, these cartons have a few downsides as well. The protective capacity of the molded fiber relies on the recycled material that formulates the carton. An additional downside of pulp molded fiber cartons is the visual, decorative inability, which generates limitations of product identification. The consumers’ widely held perception that the pulp molded fiber cartons are superior related to sustainability is an illusory opinion. In reality, the sustainable benefits of polystyrene foam cartons are overlooked. Compared to fiber cartons, polystyrene foam cartons require less material inputs, half the amount energy to manufacture, and make up less than 1% of waste contents (â€Å"Egg Cartons, Our Link with the Consumer†). This majority of consumers conclusively have an incorrect understanding of the authentic value and depth measured regarding sustainable practices. The transportation methods in the egg production industry are a major contributor to the negative impacts of the societal, economic, and environmental segments of the pillar of sustainability. In order to assess the effected portions of the pillar, â€Å"food miles† are looked to as an indicator to â€Å"understand inefficiency of food supply chain. The term Food Miles’ refers to the distance food travels from farm to plate,† (Rajkumar 40). Food miles have a direct impact on transportation cost, which is proportional to the cost of the good, effecting the prosperity and economy of our planet. This increases an egg’s footprint because the greater the distance it travels, the less fresh it becomes, yet the more a customer pays for it due to the transportation costs. There are also environmental costs associated with food miles. The further distance the egg travels, the greater consumption of energy through the transportation mean leading to greater emissions of fossil fuels and greenhouse gases (Pirog 1, 5). This ultimately impacts the environment through air pollution and depletion of the ozone layer thus effecting society as well. Other social impacts of long distance travel include different area’s food safety standards, contamination, and disease. Since food miles are a direct gauge in measuring sustainability, the less distance and egg travels means the more sustainable the egg is for the society, environment, and economy. â€Å"Reducing food miles is reducing emissions. Shorter distance travels: reduces usage of fossil fuels and thus, conservation. Minimum food travel: minimum pollution, environmental degradation and Global warming,† (Rajkumar 41). The egg production process creates many obstacles we need to overcome in order to achieve a sustainable lifestyle and preserve our people, planet, and prosperity. An egg’s production process of housing systems, humane animal treatment, laying hens, waste collection, chicken feed, litter management, packaging, transporting, and finally consumption leave a visible footprint contributing to the devastating impacts of the environment, economy, and society. To produce a more sustainable egg, you have to start with what came first—the chicken. In order to initiate this conservation lifestyle filled with awareness, you also must first start with the â€Å"chicken. † To save this world from anymore harm, we as the earth’s inhabitants must stop being chickens, and start leading sustainable actions.

XY Chromosome in a Female With Secondary Amenorrhea

XY Chromosome in a Female With Secondary Amenorrhea Dania Al-Jaroudi, M.D Capsule A 17-year-old girl presented to our gynecology clinic with secondary amenorrhea. She had been diagnosed with ALL at the age of 5 years, she received chemotherapy and radiotherapy over the following years. Her chromosomal analysis showed a karyotype of 46, XY. Introduction Primary ovarian insufficiency is a disorder that is emotionally traumatic and bears lifelong consequences on fertility, bone and cardiovascular health (1,2), making it more challenging is its occurrence in adolescents. Previously the term premature menopause had been used and found to be incorrect; as about 50 % of women have intermittent ovarian function and may ovulate and conceive after this diagnosis (1,2,3). The diagnosis is made when women younger than 40 years, have four or more months of amenorrhea and two serum FSH levels taken one month apart in the menopausal range (2). Causes of primary ovarian insufficiency in adolescents include chromosomal abnormalities, premutation in the FMR1 gene for fragile X, or iatrogenic from chemotherapy or radiation therapy (1). Infiltrative, infectious processes and pelvic surgery are less common causes (1). Autoimmune disease is another cause, as around 4% of women will have adrenal or ovarian antibodies. Still the etiology remains unknown in many cases (3). Although advances in oncology treatments have improved survival of childhood cancer, this came at the expense of ovarian function, increasing the risk of ovarian insufficiency and infertility (4). Morse et. al showed in a prospective observational study of ovarian function during cancer treatment of females aged 0 to 18 years that ovarian insufficiency occurred in chemotherapy treated prepubertal and pubertal patients regardless of menarche, age, diagnosis or chemotherapy given (5). Furthermore, females receiving radiotherapy below the diaphragm and/or stem cell transplant (SCT) had no recovery in their ovarian function followed for one and a half years from the end of their treatment (5). Clinicians need to be sensitive in delivering the diagnosis of primary ovarian insufficiency to their patients (6). This diagnosis can be emotionally traumatic and emotional needs of the patient need to be addressed as should further support be available (6). Adequate information regarding the diagnosis should be given as according to Groff AA et al (6); most patients feel that inadequate information decreased their sense of control (6). Case Report Our patient is a17-year old single girl who presented to our clinic with secondary amenorrhea. She had been diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in 2002 at 5 years of age. Therapy began with hyperfractionated chemotherapy with two courses; course A: cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone and Course B: methotrexate and cytarabine (HCVAD). She relapsed in 2007 and 2012 and was treated with methotrexate (MTX), dexamethasone (DEXA), vincristine, and L-asparagine. She then had total body radiation in 2012. In July 2012, patient was referred to King AbdulAziz medical city at 15 years of age with pancytopenia, she was again given hyperfractionated chemotherapy with two courses; course A: cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, and dexamethasone and Course B: methotrexate and cytarabine (HCVAD). After remission she was given busulfan/cyclophosphamide then she had stem cell transplant (SCT) from her full HLA matched sibling. Patient had menarche at 11 years, after which she had regular menstruations for 4 years before she developed secondary amenorrhea. Progesterone challenge test was done with no response. Hormonal profile showed hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, normal thyroid function test and prolactin levels. Pelvic ultrasound showed normal, but small sized uterus and ovaries. Chromosomal analysis showed 46, XY, this confused her primary physician was unsure about the best plan of management. On further review of her previous investigations, her chromosomal analysis one-year back had been a normal female genotype. So with the stem cell transplant (SCT) from her HLA matched sibling her genotype and her whole cell line had changed. With the impression of premature ovarian insufficiency as her primary diagnosis, patient was started on cyclical hormonal therapy; estradiol valerate 2 mg, norgestrel 500 mcg (progyluton ®, Bayer Health, Germany) for 6 months. On follow up after 2 months, she didn’t start progyluton because she thought she needs to start 5th day of cycle; proper counseling was done and patient was seen 2 months afterwards on hormonal therapy, calcium and vitamin D with withdrawal bleeds. Objective: To report a case of primary ovarian insufficiency in 17 year old, single girl, who had ALL and was treated with chemo and radiotherapy, followed by bone marrow transplant. Design: Case report. Setting: King Abdulaziz Medical City Patient(s): A patient diagnosed with primary ovarian insufficiency, after receiving chemo and radiotherapy for ALL. She later received bone marrow transplant from her HLA matched brother. Intervention(s): Hormone replacement therapy. Main Outcome Measure(s): After ruling out other causes, counseling and emotional support where given to the patient. She was then started on hormonal replacement therapy, calcium and vitamin D. Result(s): Patient started hormonal therapy and was followed in the clinic. Conclusion(s): This case describes a primary ovarian insufficiency in a girl post chemo and radiotherapy; it also describes a change in cell line following bone marrow transplant from her HLA matched brother. Key Words: Secondary amenorrhea, primary ovarian insufficiency, Hormonal replacement therapy, stem cell transplant. Acknowledgments: We would like to express our thanks to Dr. Hanan Dahlawi for providing care to the patient. Discussion: Conditioning with chemotherapy and radiotherapy prior to stem cell transplant (SCT) particularly with cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation will inevitably lead to primary ovarian insufficiency and infertility (7). The risk of primary ovarian insufficiency when patients receive busulfan and cyclophosphamide is about 100%, similar to what our patient has received (7). We report this case as this patient’s karyotype changed to a male karyotype following stem cell transplant (SCT) from her full HLA matched sibling. This led to a diagnostic confusion at first, and was later understood after her karyotype one year earlier was reviewed and genetist was consulted. There was no similar cases reported in the literature, although numerous cases where reported on primary ovarian insufficiency in adolescents, and successful pregnancy thereafter. Therefore, we recommend to educate physician on changes occurring after stem cell transplant. Unfortunately, this patient was not offered fertility preservation options prior to her treatment; this again is another area of awareness that needs to be raised in physicians. Nonetheless, this patient was offered counseling and hormonal therapy after she was referred to our out patient clinics. The aim of hormonal therapy in adolescents with primary ovarian insufficiency includes the relief of hypoestrogenic symptoms in addition to bone support, cardiovascular, and sexual health (8). Adolescents may need higher doses of estrogen than menopausal women to ensure adequate replacement and optimal bone health (8).

Operation Linebacker Essay -- essays research papers

OPERATION LINEBACKER II 1. What do you think of when you drive by that big B-52 at the museum? Being the history buff that I am, I think about Vietnam, where that old â€Å"Buff† was used the most. â€Å"Why should I care about Vietnam?† you ask yourself. Well, last time I checked there’s a history section in the PFE guide, so there might be a test later! The intent of this paper is to inform you about Operation Linebacker II. I’ll explain the events leading up to the operation, discuss the strategy, and finally I’ll sum up the results of a bombing campaign Sir Michael Knight characterized In the book Strategic Offensive Air Operation as â€Å"...may have played a role not unlike two B-29s over Japan 27 years earlier†. (Knight: 77) I’ll start by explaining why President Richard Nixon gave the order to begin this new bombing campaign. 2. The primary goal of Linebacker II was to force North Vietnam to return to the Paris peace talks and sign a treaty agreement. Negotiations stalled in December 1972 after Hanoi’s chief negotiator, Le Duc Tho submitted unreasonable demands concerning the definition of the demilitarized zone and refused to withdraw troops from South Vietnam. Furthermore, he wouldn’t accept the installation of an international peacekeeping force. National Security Advisor, Henry Kissinger, believed these demands were just a smokescreen intended to put off the talks long enough for the new United States Congress to come into session. He and Nixon feared, as written in Earl Tilf... Operation Linebacker Essay -- essays research papers OPERATION LINEBACKER II 1. What do you think of when you drive by that big B-52 at the museum? Being the history buff that I am, I think about Vietnam, where that old â€Å"Buff† was used the most. â€Å"Why should I care about Vietnam?† you ask yourself. Well, last time I checked there’s a history section in the PFE guide, so there might be a test later! The intent of this paper is to inform you about Operation Linebacker II. I’ll explain the events leading up to the operation, discuss the strategy, and finally I’ll sum up the results of a bombing campaign Sir Michael Knight characterized In the book Strategic Offensive Air Operation as â€Å"...may have played a role not unlike two B-29s over Japan 27 years earlier†. (Knight: 77) I’ll start by explaining why President Richard Nixon gave the order to begin this new bombing campaign. 2. The primary goal of Linebacker II was to force North Vietnam to return to the Paris peace talks and sign a treaty agreement. Negotiations stalled in December 1972 after Hanoi’s chief negotiator, Le Duc Tho submitted unreasonable demands concerning the definition of the demilitarized zone and refused to withdraw troops from South Vietnam. Furthermore, he wouldn’t accept the installation of an international peacekeeping force. National Security Advisor, Henry Kissinger, believed these demands were just a smokescreen intended to put off the talks long enough for the new United States Congress to come into session. He and Nixon feared, as written in Earl Tilf...

Life of William Wordsworth Essay

William Wordsworth is considered one of the greatest poets during the English Romantic Period. He is also considered, only next to Shakespeare, one of the greatest sonneteers. There are some historians that even believe that William Wordsworth, along with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped launch the Romantic Period. This statement has been debated between historians, but one thing that they do agree on is, William Wordsworth shaped the literary era. The Romantic Period was a time that allowed artistic freedom. The early 60’s is the closest period of time that can be related to this time in history. The creativity and experimentation of artists, poets, and ordinary people was beginning to bloom. That was a period of great change. The Classical Period was more controlling. There were strict laws of the Classical Period slowly began to change as Romanticism moved away from such control. The Romantic Period was also a movement of literary and intellectual thinking. Romanticism emphasized on imagination, freedom of feelings, and was mostly connected within the visual arts, music, and literature. Imagination was more important than logic. This period is mostly associated with the arts and poets like William Wordsworth. William Wordsworth, the most significant poet of the English Romantic Period, was greatly influenced as a writer by his childhood, love of nature, and his many relationships. According to Judith W. Page, William Wordsworth was the † central poet of his age† (Gale 1). William Wordsworth’s poetry was drawn from his amazing memory, and was mostly based on Nature, people he watched, and personal experiences. Leslie Brisman said of Wordsworth, â€Å"To call William Wordsworth a â€Å"Memory Poet† is to note how he substitutes personal memories for other assurances of continuity, natural or divine. (276-277). Because each encounter partly transmits and partly reformulates a myth of origins, William Wordsworth’s work seems easy to read, when in fact, he may be the most difficult of the English Poets (278). Many of his poems were based on his own life and his interpretation of it. The memories and encounters that William Wordsworth drew from, started when he was just a small boy. William Wordsworth was born at Cockermouth, Cumberland on April 7, 1770. He was the second of five children. His father was an attorney which allowed them to live a generous life style. At home is where he learned to appreciate poetry. It was his father that gave him the gift of memory, by requiring Wordsworth to memorize poems or parts of poems, it help developed his powerful memory. Relying on his memory became the very basis of his art (Anderson 9). Growing up in the Lake District is where Wordsworth gained his early appreciation for the beauty of nature. The river that he would play in at the age of five, also had influenced his writing (Gale 2). He loved the countryside and the freedom he had to roam for long periods of time. During this time, his imagination began to bloom. Although he enjoyed periods of solitude, he was adventurous, imaginative, and strong-minded (Aubrey 2). To all accounts, he had the perfect childhood till his mother passed away in March of 1778. He and his brothers were sent to a school at Hawkshead and his sister, Dorothy, was sent to live at Halifax. During his time at school, he only returned home for the holidays. He was well educated and prospered. When his father passed away he and his brothers spent the holidays with family who would patronized them and made them feel dependent (Watson 1577-1578). It was back at school at Hawkshead where he was cared for and his direction for poetry is nurtured by William Taylor, the Headmaster at Hawkshead Grammar School. The classes at Hawkshead were well ahead of other school and were unusual for that time (Purkis 22). According to F. R. Watson, â€Å"The Prelude† early years is about his childhood at Hawkshead and not Penrith (1577). Geoffrey Hartman writes that nature for William Wordsworth was not an â€Å"object† but a presence and a power; a motion and a spirit; not something to be worshiped and consumed, but always a guide leading beyond itself. Till 1804 Wordsworth thought that nature was guiding him. It was in 1804, that he discovers it was his imagination guiding him through nature. His imagination was his guide. This realization shakes him, but does not change his point of view (85-90). William Wordsworth love for nature started at an early age. Thomas Gale writes about Russell Noyes, who in his book William Wordsworth, recounted how Wordsworth credited the river with having influenced his poetic writing: â€Å"The sound of running water, he often felt, was almost part of his own being†¦ † (Gale 2). During his college years, he disliked his classes and felt he did not fit in. He wrote in the â€Å"The Prelude† that he believed that he was â€Å"not for that hour,/nor for that place. † (Aubrey 2). Although he did write the poem several poems while at school, one of the more famous one is â€Å"An Evening Walk†, which was meant for his sister, Dorothy. The year before graduation he went for a yearlong walking tour of France, the Alps, and Italy. Several of Wordsworth’s poems were created from this year long walk. His love of nature was magnified as he viewed glorious mountains, valleys, and other various landscapes. The walk through the Alps inspired â€Å"Descriptive Sketches†. Wordsworth stated â€Å"†¦. Nothing that I ever saw in nature left a more delightful impression on my mind than that which I have attempted, alas! how feebly, to convey to others in these lines†¦ † (George 10). The walking tour also gave way to the sixth book of â€Å"The Prelude†. The tour gave him some of his greater imaginative experiences of his life. Michelle Lee writes how â€Å"Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey,† were composed on a walking tour of the Wye River. He advocates the power of Nature. † (245) He returned to college and graduated in 1791, without honors. After graduation, he climbed Mount Snowdon, the highest peak in Great Britain. This was an important event that he later incorporates in the final book of â€Å"The Prelude†, giving it a great symbolic importance (Aubrey 2). After climbing Mt. Snowdon, William Wordsworth returned to France i n November of 1792. During this time, the French Revolution was at its peak. This was also the time when he met and befriended Republican soldier, Michael Beaupuy. With the growing friendship between the two men, Wordsworth enthusiastically embraced the revolutionary cause. This was also the time when he had an affair with Annette Vallon, who later gave birth to his daughter. These were times that began to change and shape Wordsworth and his poetry. In 1795 he meets William Godwin and is influenced by his ideas. This is also the year that he is reunited with his sister Dorothy, with whom he is very close to. The relationship between brother and sister is also cause for several of his poems. Two years later the encounter that changes the Romantic Period, according to some historians, occurs when Wordsworth meets Coleridge for the first time. William and his sister, settled at Al Foxden in Somerset to be near Coleridge. Margaret Drabble writes that this was a period of intense creativity for both poets. This period produced the Lyrical Ballads, which was a landmark in the history of English Romanticism. The three friends, William, Dorothy, and Coleridge traveled and explored. They made new friendships notably with Sir W. Scott, Sir G Beaumont, and De Quincey (1085). These were happy times and times when he was taken mental notes that would soon turn into poetry. It was the death of his brother in 1805 that changed his joy to sadness. The death of his brother inspired several poems including Elegiac Stanzas Suggested by a Picture of Peele Castle. With the passing of his brother, William suddenly becomes opposed to Romance and Realism (Hartman 91). His brother’s death was not the only death to inspire some of his greater works. The death of two of his children inspired his sonnet Surprised by Joy (Drabble 1085). William Wordsworth died in April 23, 1850. It was after his death, his sister published â€Å"The Prelude†, his greatest work. His life, from start to finish, is expressed in this great piece of literature. Throughout William Wordsworth life, he went through many changes. He married his long time family friend, Marry Hutchinson and had a family. His view on religion changed, along with his thoughts on the political society. William Wordsworth’s poems are all created from the memories of his life experiences and the visions of his travels. Through many friendships and emotional relationships, Wordsworth created some of the greatest poems of the Romantic Period. He was an influence on great poets such as; Samuel Coleridge, Lord Byron, Percy Shelley, and John Keats. There is still a question of whether or not William Wordsworth launched the Romantic Period, but there is no doubt that he shaped the literary work of that time. William Wordsworth, who was greatly influenced as a writer by his childhood, love of nature, and his many relationships, is by far the most significant poet of the English Romantic Period.